3.5. TEST YOURSELF – Melanogaster Catch The Fly

3.5. TEST YOURSELF

1. Question: In which chromosome you can find the transposable element FBti0019099?

a. 2L

b. 2R

c. 3L

d. X

2. Are any genes close to the FBti0019099 TE?

a. Yes, the genes Jheh2 and Jheh3

b. Yes, the Adh gene

c. Yes, the genes CR44614 and CG12506

d. No, there are no genes nearby

3. How are the TE frequencies distributed in the population?

a. Each frequency category is represented equally

b. Most of the TEs are present at low and high frequencies

c. Most of the TEs are present at intermediate frequencies

d. Most of the TEs are present at low frequencies

4. At first sight, are the frequencies from one population to another very different?

a. Yes, however, we should use a statistical test to be sure

b. No, however, we should use a statistical test to be sure

c. In some populations they are, but in others they are not

d. Only the Zambian population is different

5. If most of the mutations are deleterious (at low frequencies), how we can explain the observed distribution?

a. Our 1,632 are biased, it is enriched for high frequencies TEs

b. The observed distribution of the 1,632 TEs used is a good representation of the total ~ 20,000 TEs present in the population

c. It cannot be explained

d. All the already known theories are wrong. TEs are special mutations and most of them are present at high frequencies

6. Let’s plot a histogram to check how the recombination levels are distributed in the parts of the genome containing TEs:

hist(data$variable, main=”Graph title”, xlab=”variable_name”, col=”red”)

Check this function in a real example from the code file in the text editor.

Are most of them in low or high recombination regions? Why?

Most of them are in low recombination regions, due to the greater control and regulation of increasing TE copy number.

Most of them are in high recombination regions, due to the regulation mechanisms that prevent TEs from transposing uncontrollably becoming more relaxed.

Most of them are in low recombination regions, due to the regulation mechanisms that prevent TEs from transposing uncontrollably becoming more relaxed.

Most of them are in high recombination regions, due to there being greater control and regulation of increasing TE copy number.